Nephrology, Internal Medicine and Kidney Diseases

Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. The prevalence of CKD varies by region, with higher rates reported in low- and middle-income countries. Diabetes and hypertension are the leading causes of CKD, accounting for approximately 50% of cases. Other risk factors include smoking, obesity, and family history of kidney disease. CKD is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. Early detection and management of CKD are crucial to preventing disease progression and reducing the risk of complications. Public health efforts focused on addressing modifiable risk factors and improving access to care can help mitigate the burden of CKD on individuals and society.