Nephrology, Internal Medicine and Kidney Diseases

Electrolyte and acid-base balance in kidney diseases

Electrolyte and acid-base balance are essential functions of the kidneys. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to imbalances in electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, which can result in symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, and arrhythmias. Additionally, CKD can affect acid-base balance, leading to metabolic acidosis. Management of electrolyte and acid-base imbalances in CKD involves monitoring of serum electrolyte and acid-base levels, and adjustment of medications and diet to prevent further imbalances. Patients with severe electrolyte imbalances may require hospitalization and intravenous electrolyte replacement therapy. Maintaining electrolyte and acid-base balance is crucial in preventing complications and improving outcomes for patients with kidney disease.